Table 3. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in developing countries: A program implementation model.
| Before commencing |
| Involve community and government leaders in program planning |
| Conduct facility-based needs assessment: evaluate current maternal and child health services |
| Initial staff recruitment and training |
| Provide resources: minimum of HIV test kits and antiretroviral prophylaxis |
| Establish management structure and minimum monitoring and evaluation components |
| Program components |
| Strengthen prenatal, obstetric, and postnatal services, including family planning |
| Provide counseling and voluntary confidential HIV testing as part of routine prenatal care |
| Provide short-course antiretroviral prophylaxis if indicated |
| Provide appropriate infant-feeding counseling (including infant formula and/or nutritional supplements to mother and infant in some settings) |
| Ongoing staff training |
| Ongoing program monitoring and evaluation |